2015 聖誕大餐 X'mas Feast 2015

隨著德國聖誕連假接近尾聲，你是否也收到了來自摯愛親友們的祝福與禮物了呢？

X'mas Holiday is almost going to its end. Have you already received best wishes and gifts from your beloved relatives and friends?

雖然臺灣並沒有特別的平安夜晚餐與聖誕大餐的習俗，

在德國和義大利卻是有些不成名的規矩的，在這裡稍微簡介一下：

Although there's no special tradition in Taiwan, there're some unnamed rules in Germany and Italy:

在德國與義大利，聖誕大餐並非如我們一般的認知，於平安夜端上餐桌，

而是在聖誕節的當天。

Not as we thought or learned, 

the biggest X'mas feast isn't served on Christmas Eve, but on Christmas Day, in Germany and Italy.

德國聖誕大餐上的主角就是聖誕烤鵝了！日前也有以烤鯉魚、烤鴨和烤乳豬代替的做法。主菜另以甘藍菜類點綴作為配菜。通常傳統德國家庭平安夜晚餐多以馬鈴薯沙拉和香腸輕鬆地帶過，並配上傳統聖誕甜點如聖誕薑餅和水果肉桂捲。

The main course on a german table is the X'mas goose! So far the varieties could be also carp, duck and suckling pig, which comes with cabbages. Usually a traditional german family have only potato salad and sausages as X'mas Eve dinner with Lebkuchen and Stollen for dessert.

義大利雖然分有南北兩派，且究竟平安夜晚餐和聖誕大餐哪個比較重要尚有分歧，就個人與義大利乾爸乾媽慶祝了好幾個年頭的經驗，平安夜晚餐比起聖誕大餐還是從簡的。

傳統義大利家庭因天主教因素，以魚類作為平安夜晚餐的主角而不碰其餘肉類，即便是準備作為第一道的麵食內餡也不得馬虎。而飯後自然不會忘了傳統義式聖誕甜點Pandoro和Panettone！（由於大到吃不完，很多人假期後都當早餐吃......）

Even though there're too many varieties in every italian regions, according to my own experience after so many years having celebrated with my dear italian family, comparing to X'mas Feast on 25. Dec., the X'mas Eve dinner is still simpler.

Traditionally an italian family shall have fish as main course because of religious reason, even for the first course of pasta. Of course, there will be also traditional dessert such like Pandoro and Panettone. (Because they're kind of huge, most of my friends have them as breakfast after the holidays...)

義大利人和臺灣人一樣，天生下來就有張大嘴！（其實就是很愛吃......） 前一晚不能大口吃肉太委屈自己，所以第二天自然要補回來！因此，聖誕節當天的午餐才是真正的「大餐」！開胃菜、第一道、二道、甜點、水果、起司盤樣樣來！

Italian, just like us Taiwanese, is born with a big mouth! (Which means, we love to eat...) Since we weren't able to treat ourselves well the evening before, we will need to make up to ourselves on the next day! So, the real "feast" is actually served at noon on 25. Dec.! Appetizer, the first course, the second course, dessert, fruit, cheese plates etc.!

講到這裡，應該不少人開始幻想歐洲人的聖誕餐桌了吧？

今年第一次在德國度過聖誕假期的我，也藉此機會分享一下我們的溫馨菜單：

So far, I believe some of you are already quite interested for the X'mas menu in Europe, right?

This year as the first time I celebrate this holiday in Germany, I do make us a heartwarming Christmas Menu:

平安夜晚餐 Christmas Eve Dinner: 

（因為在義大利被寵壞，所以本人絕對不容許平安夜晚餐只吃馬鈴薯沙拉和香腸！還好另一半並非傳統老古板，哈哈！）

(Because I was spoiled in Italy, I shall not settle for only potato salad and sausages on X'mas Eve! Luckily, my other half isn't an extreme traditionalist, haha!)

前菜：奶油蟹黃燉濃湯

Appetizer: Cream Crab Pottage

圖片來源：自行攝影

主餐：蒔蘿檸檬烤鮭魚

Main course: Spiced Roast Salmon

圖片來源：自行攝影

甜點：杏仁香橙冰淇淋

Dessert: Almond-orange Ice Cream

圖片來源：自行攝影

聖誕大餐 Christmas Feast: 

（即便前一晚沒有虧待自己，第二天還是要寵另一半！）

 (Even though we did treat us quite well last night, one still deserves to be spoiled by the other!)

前菜：羅勒酥炸卡布里

Appetizer: Caprese Fritta

圖片來源：自行攝影

主餐：永旭式聖誕烤鵝

Main Course: X'mas Goose al Yông Xù
（料理前 Before）

圖片來源：自行攝影

（料理後 After）

圖片來源：自行攝影

甜點：馬西式提拉米酥

Dessert : Tiramisù al Massi

圖片來源：自行攝影

圖片來源：自行攝影

聖誕晚餐後是德國的拆禮物時間。不同於在義大利會等到午夜才拆禮物，不知這樣是不是會讓德國小孩們消化不良呢？......
今年在我們的金色聖誕樹下多了好幾包禮物以及小客人呢！
大家這兩天收到了什麼樣的禮物，又是怎麼慶祝度過的呢？分享一下吧！

After X'mas Eve Dinner it's the present-time, which is different from Italy, where people wait until midnight to open their gifts. I hope german Children don't have problems with indigestion...

This year there're more packs and guests under our golden Christmas tree!
What kind of gifts did you get? And how did you celebrate in these days? Why not share with us?

夜深何處去，何不來SUB聚聚？ Where to go? Why not SUB?

每次初來乍到一個新的城市，除了白天造訪名勝古蹟之外，

也總會讓人想去了解，這個城市的人們又是如何度過他們的夜晚呢？

是像平安夜般寧靜安詳、

還是如瑪丹娜演唱會般魅力四射？

Everytime when I come to a new city, except of visiting all the touristic spotlights; I always wonder, how the citizens of this city spend their evenings and nights.

Is it peaceful like a silent night, or sparkling like Madonna's concert?

慕尼黑貴為德國第三大城市，自然熱情奔放的夜生活不能少！

這個城市的食衣住行育樂也都會是日後這個部落格的重點主題之一，

也請大家多多指教！

As the third biggest city in Germany, there's definitely no lack of night life in Munich!

All these kinds of informations around Munich, such as food, drink, clubs, transportation etc., shall be one of the most important themes of this blog.

I will be delightful to hear some thoughts or comments from you as well!

德國身為歐洲領頭國家之一，在同志人權議題方面也算是走在前端的先鋒；也因此，德國民眾普遍接納同志議題，同志客群為主的夜生活場所如迪斯可、酒吧、餐廳等等在大城市中也不算少。

（可惜的是，近年來歐洲各國同性婚姻與子女收養合法化聲浪下，德國仍然裹足不前，依舊只依循原來2001實行的同性伴侶法，導致目前國內同志團體頻頻施壓政府官員。日前臺灣政客拿此種草案來搪塞多元成家團體，擺明了是要求民眾走德國多走的14年冤枉路！）

As one of the pioneers in Europe, Germany does walk in the front of LGBT humane rights supporters; therefore, the german folks do generally accept LGBT discussion and concepts. Night life scenes like discos, bars, restaurants, etc. which are focus on LGBT clients are also pretty common in big cities.

(Unfortunately, even though in recent years many european countries did more efforts to support LGBT rights, such as legal homosexual marriage and children adoption; however, Germany, this time, didn't move forward, instead of going further, it still sticks with its life-partner bills, which was established in 2001. That's also the reason, why recently many german LGBT groups try to pressure politicians. So far some taiwanese politicians also use this kind of old-fashion bill to stall LGBT groups in Taiwan, it's quite obvious that they want us to make the same wrong detour like Germany did 14 years ago!)

今天我想要介紹（推薦）我在慕尼黑最常去作客的一間酒吧 - SUB！

SUB，全名為SUB Schwules Kommunikations- und Kulturzentrum München e.V. 

（中譯為SUB男性同志溝通與文化中心）

看到這裡，相信很多人都會想：「這名字也取得太不吸引人了吧？！」

實際上，SUB可是慕尼黑最大、最有影響力的同志協會之一呢！

圖片來源：自行攝影

Today, I would like to introduce (recommend) you one of the most visited bars in Munich - SUB!

SUB, the full name is Schwules Kommunikations- und Kulturzentrum München e.V.

I believe some of you might already think: "Gosh! What a lousy name for a bar it is?!"

In fact, SUB is actually one of the biggest LGBT institutes in Munich!

基於1980開始的同志遊行訴求（CSD, Christopher Street Day-Demostration），1986年起，慕尼黑的所有同志團體皆由一個非營利組織來領頭協辦，也就是我們的SUB。1986年成立後，一開始在找尋適當的「家」時，曾遭遇幾次波折，從Auenstraße搬到Müllerstraße，在Müllerstraße上也搬了好幾次家，直至2011年，才在我們目前的位置上安居：Müllerstraße 14號。

Based on LGBT parade (CSD, Christopher Street Day-Demonstration) since 1980, in 1986 SUB was founded as an non-profit organization for all LGBT groups in the city. Since 1986 SUB had been looking for a right place to settle down, from Auenstraße to Müllerstraße, from 44. to 38. and then from 43. to 14. in 2011, where it locates now.

圖片來源：自行攝影

SUB除了提供各式各樣的同志資訊、定時舉辦各種活動與講座，也提供短期展覽場地、圖書閱覽室、法律諮詢、心理諮商和特定醫學建議等，更推廣許多多樣化的同志團體歡迎各位加入。

身為同志運動的領頭鳥，各式活動的舉辦自然不會少：同志街慶如Hans-Sachs-Straßenfest、每一年的同志遊行統籌、一年一次的市政府同志舞會等等，都在SUB的工作服務範圍內。

然而其中非常重要的還有今天的主題，也就是夜間咖啡酒吧的營運了！

Except of providing diverse LGBT information, holding different kinds of activities and lectures, SUB also provides art exhibits, a library, legal and psychological counsel and HIV-prevention services. There're also plenties of interesting groups to join in.

As the pioneer of LGBT movement, of course there's no lack of diverse events: LGBT Street feast like Hans-Sachs-Straßenfest, CSD organization every year and LGBT Ball in the city hall pro year etc., they're all in the working range of SUB.

However, today's main point is also really important, the SUB café!

SUB café的最大理念是讓造訪的人們感受到歸屬感，也因此，咖啡酒吧的大小事全是由個人志工或團體來營運，並將收入轉變成讓慕尼黑同志運動繼續成功下去的基金！

SUB的酒吧咖啡全年無休，從晚間七點起（星期六下午三點起），每天都有熱心的酒保們替大家服務！在這裡，你除了可以找到各式各樣的零食點心和飲料種類，也能參與各種多采多姿的主題活動，像是星期六下午的老年下午茶聚會、每個月第一個星期六的卡拉OK大賽，遇上嘉年華和萬聖節時，自然也少不了盛大的變裝宴會！

The core of SUB café is to make people who visit us feel belongingness; therefore, this café is actually run by volunteers, and they turn all the profit into the foundation of continuing LGBT movement in Munich!

SUB café is open 7 days a week, 365 days a year from 7 p.m. (It starts at 3 p.m. already on Saturday.) with our friendly volunteers. In here you can find diverse snacks and drinks, and participate all different special theme-events, such as cakes and coffee on Saturday afternoon, the Karaoke competition on every first Saturday of the month. And there're also parties, when it's time for Carnival and Halloween!

SUB café位於Müllerstraße 14號的地面樓層。其抵達方式也相當簡單，搭乘地鐵前來的朋友們，乘坐U3/6到Sendlinger Tor後，轉乘地面電車16或18一站（站名即Müllerstraße），再向前步行不到兩分鐘，就能看見窗上貼著斗大「OPEN HEARTS」的SUB大門了！

SUB café locates at the ground floor of Müllerstraße 14.. It's pretty easy to get there: First, take underground U3/6 to Sendlinger Tor, then change to tram 16 or 18 for only one stop (which's exactly called Müllerstraße), then walk along the street for less than two minutes. So you will see the huge slogan "OPEN HEARTS" in front of the main door of SUB!

圖片來源：自行攝影

關於SUB的其他資訊都可以在官方網站以及臉書上找到。

Other information of SUB can be found on the official website and Facebook page.

下次大家下課或下班後，想找個地方舒服地坐下來喝一杯，或是週休假期在家無聊，想多認識一些朋友，何不來趟SUB呢？我相信，我們不會讓你們失望的！或許，你還有機會喝到我親自為你送上的飲料呢！

Next time when you're after school or work and wanna grab a drink comfortably, or when you're just at home on the weekend and getting bored, why don't you come to SUB and meet some new friends? I believe, we won't let you down! Perhaps, you can even see me serving you a drink!

造訪德南的中繼站 - 慕尼黑中央車站 Start point for southern Germany - Munich central station

計劃每段旅程時，我們都必須要先設定一個起始點或是中繼站，
前往德南著名景點如：新天鵝堡、楚格峰、國王湖等地，
最快最方便的起始點，自然就是德南大城慕尼黑了！
今天就讓我稍微介紹一下慕尼黑的中央車站（德文：München Hbf）。

When we plan for a journey, we usually set a start point or an intermediate station,
for the tourists who are heading to Neuschwanstein, Zugspitze, Königssee, etc., Munich central station could be the most convenient start point!
Today, let's talk about the main station of Munich, München Hbf.

日前大家所熟悉的慕尼黑中央車站，是1849年由Georg Friedrich Christian Bürklein所設計，並用來取代1839年舊車站的新車站。十九世紀末期多次擴建，並於二零年代實現電氣化，目前佔地七十萬平方公尺，並列為德國國鐵二十一座一等站之一。
身為巴伐利亞鐵路中樞的慕尼黑中央車站，日均客流可以達到45萬人次，足以與漢堡中央車站一較高下！

圖片來源：自行攝影

The München Hbf we have right was built in 1849 and designed by Georg Friedrich Christian Bürklein to substitute the old one in 1839. End of the 19th century was multiply renovated and in '20 was successfully electrified. Right it's more 700000 square meters wide and one of the 21 first class stations in Germany.
As the centre of bavarian railways, its number of daily travelers is more than 450000, which could be seen as a competitor with Hamburg Hbf!

圖片來源：自行攝影

慕尼黑中央車站除了與郊區電車（S-Bahn）主幹接軌，地下鐵U1/2/4/5以及多班路面電車（Tram）也駛過此站，交通相當便利。
自主入口Bahnhofplatz進入到車站大廳，兩側是德國國鐵的售票口，並有麵包店、小吃店、紀念品攤等商家，樓上尚有多家速食店，相當方便地解決旅客的臨時需求。
再往前至中堂部分，除了左側有數不清的食物店家與小超市外，右側尚有德國國鐵的旅客中心，由於位處城市總站，櫃台與員工數量明顯比其他車站多，也更可以快速處理問題。

圖片來源：自行攝影

Besides of the connection with S-Bahn, it's also connected with U1/2/4/5 and trams. From the main entrance from the Bahnhofplatz, both sides of the hall are ticket offices of DB, along with plenty of shops like bakery, stands and souvenir stores, upstairs there're also fast foods, which's really convenient for travelers.
Going forward to the middle hall, besides of the small supermarkets and food stands on the left side, on the right side, there's a DB traveller center, which provides more information and services than other small stations.

圖片來源：自行攝影

來到月台大廳，主要幹道自11到26號月台就在我們眼前。除了前往奧地利薩爾茲堡的旅客通常於11號月台上車之外，大部份前往新天鵝堡、楚格峰等著名景點的地區火車，都是自27-36號月台開出。初來乍到的旅客只看到11～26號月台時可別慌，往右側走，就會看到前往剩下月台的招牌，沿著26號車軌走，就會到達翼站！同理，若是11號以前的月台，就必須去左側的翼站喔！

圖片來源：自行攝影

On the platforms hall, the main tracks from 11 to 26 are just in front of us. Except the train going to Salzburg usually departs from 11, the trains heading to spotlights such as Neuschwanstein and Zugspitze usually departs from platforms 27-36. When you come to this station for the very first time, don't panic when you can't find the signs of 27-36, you just need to go the right side of the hall. There you can see the sign and go along the track 26, then you will get to the side station! As the same, for the platforms 5-11, you need to go the side station of the left side!



主火車站通常都是旅客探索一個城市的起點。下次造訪一個城市時，不妨先將火車站的內部與周邊陳設晃過一圈，心裡有個底，出發時遇到突發狀況也比較不會驚慌喔！

Main station is usually the start point for travelers, who come to the city for the first time. Next time, when you arrive in a new city, why don't you try to get to know its design and its periphey? It could be really helpful, once you get into an emergency situation!

聖誕月曆、聖誕蠟燭與聖尼可拉斯 Advent Calendar, Advent wreath & St. Nikolas

相信剛來到德國（或是歐洲）的朋友們，都會對聖誕佳節有另一種新的體驗。

雖然我們小時候也曾被爸媽哄騙，認為只要將襪子掛上裝飾好的聖誕樹，聖誕老公公就會愈禮物把襪子裝滿，曾幾何時，亞洲年輕人普遍慶祝聖誕節的方式已經變成朋友聚會與徹夜狂歡，似乎與平安夜的真實意義相去甚遠。

I believe most of us who just come to Germany (or Europe) will have a totally different image of Christmas holidays as before.

Although we were taught by our parents as we were kids that if we put socks on the christmas tree, santa shall come with presents; however, nowadays the young generation in Asia usually celebrate this holiday with parties until dawn, which doesn't quite match the original meaning of christmas.

今天我們要介紹歐洲聖誕佳節將至時，普遍流行的「聖誕月曆」、「聖誕蠟燭」以及「尼可拉斯巧克力」。

Today I would like to introduce the advent calendar, advent wreath and Nikolaus chocolate, which are really popular during this season.

圖片來源：自行攝影

所謂的聖誕月曆，即十一月起在歐洲各大商家會大肆販售的，類似臺灣孩童時代流行的抽抽樂，內含各式各樣驚喜的大型月曆。無論是一般超商的巧克力聖誕月曆，還是藥妝店賣的精品香水月曆，自十二月一日起至平安夜，每天都可以掀開新的一格，迎接裡面的驚喜！

The so called advent calendar could be bought since November, which contents diverse surprises like the lottery in our childhood. No matter it is a normal chocolate calendar in supermarket or delicate calendar from perfume shops. From 1st Dec. to 24th Dec., everyday you can open one new page to get what hides inside!

圖片來源：自行攝影

聖誕月曆源自於十九世紀，家家戶戶會在家門口旁的牆壁上掛上圖片，一天一幅，直到平安夜時共有24張關於聖誕節慶的圖片。之後簡化為掛上分為24張小圖的木板，每天小孩子可以移開一幅，直到完整的圖片創作得以呈現。

Advent calendar was invented in 19th century. Each family would hang 24 pictures on the front wall, one per day until 24th Dec.. Later it was simplified as a wooden set with 24 small pics, from which kids could move away one per day, until the original art work shows completely.

近年來，出現了許多新奇的聖誕月曆種類。除了上面提到的香水月曆，還有有聲書月曆（每天有新一篇短篇小說可以閱讀）、聖誕月曆App版（每天有一個新的軟體可以下載）以及將整棟建築的24個窗戶裝飾成月曆的巨型聖誕月曆（如之前所介紹的達郝聖誕市集，詳文請見先前的文章：達郝聖誕市集），讓人每年都有不一樣的驚喜！

In recent years, there're more and more different sorts of advent calendar. Besides of the perfume calendar mentioned above, there're also audiobook calendar (Everyday you will get a new short story), App calendar (From it, you can download a new software everyday) and also a giant calendar, which is made from a real house with 24 windows (like the one in X'mas market in Dachau, which I introduced in the other article: Dachau's X'mas market), which provide many diverse surprises every year!

圖片來源：自行攝影

再來提到聖誕蠟燭，又稱為降臨節花環，是由四根蠟燭與杉樹枝所編成的環狀裝飾。聖誕節前的四個星期天被稱為降臨主日，從第一個降臨主日開始，每個主日陸續點亮相對數量的蠟燭，例：第一個主日點亮第一根蠟燭、第二個主日點亮第一和第二根，以此類推。

About the advent wreath, it was made with four candles and evergreen wreath. The four Sundays before X'mas are called advents, on the first advent you can light the first candle, then on the second the first and the second candles, and so on.

聖誕月曆與聖誕蠟燭，實際上都有著心理上縮短對聖誕假期的等待時間，以及提高大家對佳節的興奮程度的效果。據說，這也是當初流行起來的主要原因。

Advent calendar and advent wreath are actually trying, psychologically, to shorten the waiting time for X'mas and to advance the excitement of the holiday. Somehow, it was said to be the original reason of these creations.

圖片來源：自行攝影

最後，關於「尼可拉斯巧克力」，其最早的來源可以回溯至1820年，而聖人尼可拉斯實際上就是大家所熟知的聖誕老公公的原型。據傳，尼可拉斯是會秘密地贈送禮物的聖人。每年的十二月六日為聖尼可拉斯節，在這一天的前一晚，若是小孩子將靴子擺好放在家門口，隔天在靴子裡就會有尼可拉斯巧克力！雖然目前聖誕佳節間到處都買得到尼可拉斯巧克力，傳統上尼可拉斯巧克斯卻是特別為聖尼可拉斯節（有時候也加上平安夜）所準備的。在德國，每年都有超過九千頓的巧克力被做成上億個尼可拉斯巧克力！（產量僅次於復活節兔子巧克力，其占了全年產量56%！）

In the end, about Nikolaus chocolate, it can be traced back to 1820, and St. Nikolaus is actually the original version of the well know santa claus! In the legend, St. Nikolaus secretly give presents to people. On 6th Dec. every year it's named as St. Nikolaus' Day. The evening before it, if kids put their shoes in front of the door, the next day it will be filled with chocolate! Although you can buy Nikolaus chocolate easily during the whole season, it is traditionally prepared for 6th Dec. and sometimes also for the silent night. In Germany, each year more than 9000 tons of chocolate are made into Nikolaus chocolate! (It stands on the second place only after the eastern bunny, which takes 56% of the products rate of the whole year!)

除了每天別忘了掀開新的一格月曆外，接下來的星期日就是聖尼可拉斯節以及第二主日了！大家已經準備好自己專屬的尼可拉斯巧克力和第二根主日蠟燭了嗎？

Except opening a new block each day, the following Sunday is St. Nikolaus and the second advent! Is everybody ready with his/her own Nikolaus chocolate and the second advent candles?

圖片來源：自行攝影

還沒有下手的朋友，也可以考慮看看以下的網站連結喔！

For those who haven't got ones, the following sites could be useful:

eBay聖誕專區

Amazon聖誕專區

Kaufhof聖誕專區

Karstadt聖誕專區

世界愛滋病日 - 終結愛滋特快車 World AIDS Day - On the fast track to end AIDS

當有人問起：
「你知道十月十日、十月三十一日，以及十二月一日是什麼節日嗎？」
相信大家都可以在一秒內反應過來，十月十日國慶日、十月三十一日萬聖節......。
咦？！那十二月一日究竟是什麼呢？

When someone asks you:
"Do you know what day it is on 10th Oct., 31st Oct. and 1st Dec.?"
I believe everyone can ring the bell in just one second.
10th Oct. is the national day, 31st Oct. the Halloween....
Wait! What is then 1st Dec.?

1981年十二月一日，世界上第一起愛滋病病例被確診，並在1988年十二月一日舉辦了第一屆世界愛滋日。然而，由於資訊的不透明、錯誤的知識教育與偏見，在許多國家，這項節日似乎並不普及。

On 1st Dec., 1981, the first medical case of AIDS was confirmed, then in 1988, it was decided to make this day World AIDS Day. However, because of lack of information, inappropriate education and wrong discrimination, it's not well known in many countries.

昨天透過臉書連結，讀到了一篇網路上所刊載的關於愛滋教育的文章。
與文章作者同樣身為七年級生，學校裡的健康教育課程以及校園愛滋教育巡迴講座，對我自然並不陌生，相對地，裡頭的盲點與不合理，自然也是有目共睹。
從老一輩的「回家自習」跳過性教育那一課，到附上「精美」插圖的國立翻譯館版本，實際上我們所學到是課本上的文字，讓我們可以在考試卷上選出正確的答案。缺乏實際的體驗，或許是我們這一代的通病，真正跳脫傳統羞澀框架，實際在課堂上拿出保險套示範的老師們，究竟又有幾位？

Yesterday I read an article about AIDS education.
Same as the author, I was one of the 80's; therefore, it's not unfamiliar at all for me about public health education and seminar around all campuses. In the other word, the blind spot and unreasonable contents were also commonly witnessed.
From "studying alone at home" from my parent's generation, to the text books with delicate pictures which I was reading; the truth is, we kind of only learned the words in the books, so that we can choose the right answers on our papers. Without experience could be the biggest issue in my generation. But how many teachers are really willing to take out a condom and show it to all classes?

期末考時倒背如流的文字如，愛滋病透過體液、共用針具以及母子垂直傳染，其實間接地證實我們的資訊不完全性。
唾液不也是體液嗎？那與HIV帶原者談話或共用餐具，就有可能被傳染囉？！
愛滋媽媽為了避免將病毒傳給胎兒，就應該馬上墮胎囉？！
上述的答案都是：不！
HIV病毒要透過唾液（或是汗水、淚水）傳染的話，受方必須要一次大量吞下至少六公升的量，才可能被傳染到病毒！先不管你有沒有勇氣一口氣喝下六公升的唾液，有沒有人願意提供給你都還是個問題吧？
受感染的懷孕母體若是持續服藥，因為病毒並非透過基因遺傳，胎兒幾乎也不會受到感染。

HIV can be transferred through body fluid, sharing needles and mother-to-child transmission, which we could remember perfectly before the final exam, is actually a simple proof of incompleteness of this kind of information.
Isn't saliva body fluid? So if I talk to HIV positive or share spoon with them, I will get HIV?!
Mothers with HIV can give it to their babies, so they should consider abortion right away, right?
The answers for above questions are definitely: NO!
HIV could be transferred through saliva (or swear and tear), only if you take at least 6 liter saliva from a HIV positive person at once! Never mind if you are courageous enough to drink 6 liter saliva from someone else, isn't that a big question, if someone's willing to give you 6 liter of his/her saliva?
And, if mothers with HIV do take continuously medication, because HIV don't transfer through genes, their babies can be just healthy as others.

在臺灣以及其他這方面資訊較為封閉的國家，愛滋病一直是私底下備受歧視的傳染病之一。學校與家庭教育拼命灌輸的「得了就會死」的病，實際上，只要持續服藥，就可以像一般健康的正常人生活下去。不願正視相關資訊的傳播與教育，導致多數民眾稱愛滋病為「那種」病、稱帶原者為「那種」人，好像體內帶有HIV病毒的人就是生活不檢點的社會敗類。先姑且不論每個人有決定自己如何生活的權力，因為輸血被傳染的人以及被母體傳染的嬰兒，被貼上此種莫須有的標籤又是何其無辜？

In Taiwan and some other more close countries about this kind of information, AIDS is usually a disease with full discrimination. Schools and our families taught as that if someone gets this disease, the he or she will just die. In fact, if the carrier just continuously has his/her medication, he or she can just live as healthy as other people. Not willing to confront the propagation of information and education makes most of people call AIDS "that kind" of disease and call the carriers "that kind" of people, and makes it sound like everyone with HIV lives in a life of profligacy. Aren't the carrier infected by blood transmission and babies, who got HIV from their mothers, just too innocent to be tagged with this kind of label? Besides, everyone hat his/her right to live in his/her own way.

（此見全文：http://queerology.net/2015/12/zero-discrimination-aids-education/）

圖片來源：聯合新聞網

今年臺灣首次將紅絲帶裝飾置於疾病管制署大樓外。另外，臺灣也終於在最近脫離少數對HIV帶原者訂立歧視法條的國家群，間接地讓我們看到臺灣社會的另一種進步。
（臺灣一直到近年前，主張政府得以強制將HIV帶原外國群眾驅離臺灣，不論其在臺生活多久以及是否成家立業。所幸此法目前已經被剔除。）
創造零歧視的社會氛圍，就是世界愛滋日的主要任務之一。透過紀念在醫學科技尚不發達、備受歧視的社會環境下犧牲的愛滋病患者，傳導給社會正確的性與性病教育，如此一來，才有機會在不遠的將來，將傳染率降到最低、減少感染者數量，進而有一天達到零愛滋的世界。

This year, Taiwan's government erected its first red ribbon decoration in front of the CDC. Also, Taiwan's government finally abandoned the discriminate bill of expelling all HIV positive foreigner from this country without any consideration. This also shows us the other kind of progress that we are making in this small island.
To create a zero discrimination atmosphere in our society is the main purpose of World AIDS Day. Through commemoration and right education of sex and AIDS, maybe one day we will be able to create a world with the disease.

德國身為思想先進國家之一，每年的十二月一日，在各大城市廣場上都會舉行點蠟燭祈福的紀念活動。今年慕尼黑的點蠟燭活動在劇院廣場上，並且一路遊行至伊薩河畔的聖盧卡斯教堂。除了繫上紅絲帶與點亮蠟燭跟著遊行隊伍走之外，全世界都提供給民眾表達支持疾病患者與研究機構的管道。

圖片來源：自行攝影

圖片來源：自行攝影

每年十一月開始，在德國各大協會與資訊中心，都會販售當年度的愛滋小熊作為募款方式。蘋果公司執行長提姆．庫克除了在推特上秀了世界各地的蘋果直營店所表達的支持外，在蘋果官網以及iOS應用程式平台上，也都推出了特殊的產品以及銷售推廣，將所得捐獻給愛滋團體。










As one of the pioneer countries, Germany do gather people on the squares of its main cities on 1st Dec. for a candle walk through the cities. This year, the candle walk in Munich was held on Odeonsplatz and then walked along to St. Lucas next to the Isar. Besides this action, the whole world provides citizens a lot of methods to show their supports.

圖片來源：推特截圖

From November of each year, people in Germany are able to buy a AIDS-Teddy as donation. Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, also made announcement on Twitter to show supports from each retail store in the world; also, there're special actions from Apple online store and iOS App store.

以下也提供上述管道的連結，希望大家在更了解這項疾病的同時，也一起攜手更好的未來！

Below there're sites, where you can get to know more about AIDS, while we are actually making this world a better place!

愛滋小熊官網：http://www.aids-teddy.com/index.html

世界愛滋日官網：http://www.worldaidsday.org

RED：http://red.org

2014夏 英格蘭小巡禮 (第四彈) Summer 2014 Journey in England (4th Episode)

倫敦夜景
圖片來源:自行攝影

倫敦,可能沒來過這座城市的人,不能說自己來過英國吧?
London, people who didn't visit this city, probably couldn't say that they've been to England, right?

自聖保羅俯瞰倫敦
圖片來源:自行攝影

姑且不論身為英國皇室所在地,就憑她擁有的兩個禮拜也逛不完的旅遊資產,就絕對值得來一趟
Not even need to mention that it's where the royal family stay, even with its all spotlights, which you are not able to finish in two weeks, it's totally worthy visiting once in a lifetime
拋開血拼不論,一些特色店可能都必須另開一篇來介紹

Not only shopping, but also all these special tiny stores should be disscussed other time
最佳俯瞰市容的角度,該以聖保羅大教堂莫屬,雖然入場費昂貴,但是教堂內部的確有一看的價值,何況能夠省去倫敦眼的大排長龍,何樂而不為呢?
The best place to see the whole London from above is St. Paul's Church, even though its price to access is quite expensive, inside is quite astonishing, and you don't need to queue for the London Eye
另外,喜愛音樂劇的人,Westend一定能夠滿足你的需求,讓人落淚的Once,血脈賁張的悲慘世界,歡樂洋溢的媽媽咪呀,還有無人不知的歌劇魅影,只怕你不夠時間一一嘗試
Besides, people who love musicals, cannot miss Westend! Once, Les Miserables, Mamma Mia, the Phantom of the Opera are all there, the only problem is if you have enough time to enjoy all of them
雖然英式食物惡名昭彰,但是在倫敦這似乎不再是個問題,其國際化程度遠勝台北,各式異國料理任君挑選
Infamous british food might change your point of views here in London, thanks to the internationalization, you can choose every kind of food you wanna eat
除了較高昂的物價與擁擠的地鐵外,實在令人找不到一趟來到英國卻不去倫敦的道理!
Except the more expensive cost and crowdy underground, there's no excuse not to visit London!
#倫敦推薦值 9/10#
#Recommending points of London 9/10#

巴斯-古羅馬浴場
圖片來源:自行攝影

位於西南部的巴斯,最負盛名的就是被列為世界遺產的古羅馬浴場
Bath locates in the South West of England and is famous for its Thermae Romae
雖然比起羅馬的卡拉卡拉小了許多,但是重點仍放在其尚可運作這點上
it's smaller than those in Rome exactly, but it's still functional
從外觀來看似乎不具可看性,但是實際進入後,其展示內容相當豐富,非常值得一看
From outside it's not that attractibe; however you are able to learn a lot inside
巴斯的其他景點,如新月樓與教堂,就不如古羅馬浴場這般亮眼了
Comparing to other spots in Bath, like Royal Crescent and churches, they are not as interestung as the spa
交通上從倫敦前往相當方便,且市區不大,徒步觀光也綽綽有餘
It's really convenient to go there from London by train, and the city center is also suitable fro visiting by foot
#巴斯推薦值 6/10#
#Recommending points of Bath 6/10#

坎特貝里大教堂
圖片來源:自行攝影

位於東南方的坎特貝里,最著名的就是大教堂與聖奧古斯汀修道院遺址
Cantebury locates in East South of London and is famous for its Cathedral and St. Augustin Abbey
先不論參觀大教堂的票價似乎稍嫌過高,內部的彩繪玻璃窗就已經相當值回票價了
Even though the price to access the cathedral is pretty high, the stained glasses would make you feel worthy

多佛-白崖
圖片來源:自行攝影

除此之外,市區範圍也都是可以徒步觀光的距離內
Except that, the city center isn't big, so it's easy to wander around by foot
從坎特貝里前往通往法國的門戶,多佛,只需短短半小時,就可以欣賞到著名"贖罪"電影場景的白崖
From Cantebury to the access point to France, Dover, it takes only 30 minutes, and you can already see the beautiful White Cliff in "Astonment"
不過前往白崖的路,前段大型貨車不斷經過,必須特別小心,後段則是一長段的上坡路,而且兩旁並沒有設置欄杆,除了體力之外,也需要一些心臟耐力
But the route toward White Cliff is quite dangerous, which includes trucks-passing main highway and a without railing uphill
從倫敦前往這兩座城市,都是可以當天來回的距離,當想脫離倫敦市儈氣息時,可以列入考慮
From London to these two cities could be arranged in one day. It's another kind of choice, once you are tired of the commercial atmosphare in London
#坎特貝里與多佛推薦值 6/10#
#Recommending points of Cantebury and Dover 6/10#

伊里大教堂
圖片來源:自行攝影

位於劍橋郡的伊里,其實原先並沒有列在旅遊名單中,但為了與許久不見的老朋友聚聚,我們路過劍橋而不入,前往這座英國小鎮
Ely wasn't planned to visit at first. In order to spend some time with old friends, we decide to head to this small british town
就如老友所說的,"一不小心就會逛完了!" 伊里就是個讓人放慢腳步,悠悠閒閒走到哪看到哪的小鎮,週三週六的市集以及二手修復家具行,可能也會是掏寶的好所在
As my friend said, it's extremely easy to see everything in Ely. It's a place where you can slow down and enjoy the markets on the main square.
#伊里推薦值 5/10#
#Recommending points of Ely 5/10#

一口氣打了這麼多景點,難免有所疏漏,也歡迎親友們提出問題或建議
It's hard to mention all the details in one text, so all questions and suggestions are welcome
之後英格蘭還會介紹食宿的部份,也希望大家有空參考參考囉!
Information of food and accomendation in England will be updated afterward.

2014夏 英格蘭小巡禮 (第三彈) Summer 2014 Journey in England (3rd Episode)

Orrest俯瞰溫德米爾湖
圖片來源:自行攝影

眾所皆知的英國景點,湖區,的重點對外城市,溫德米爾,只能以觀光客氾濫來形容
Everyone knows the lake district in England, and Windermere, the main city of the lake district, is totally crowded with tourist
日前的個人經驗,尤以大陸人最多,這一點實在是不得不扣分......
Especially the mainland chinese people, which makes me could not help but deducting some points...
然而,就交通便利性來看,對於不喜歡拖著行李長途跋涉的旅客,溫德米爾仍然是較好的住宿選擇
However, according to the transportation, if you prefer not to carry your luggage wandering around, Windermere is still the better option
市區相當小,但是有著充足的餐廳,酒吧與超市
City center is quite small, but is full of restaurants, pubs and supermarketes
徒步的話,必須走約十五至二十分鐘才會到達湖邊
By foot it would take around 20 minutes to get to the lake
在此個人比較推薦健行至至高點,俯瞰整個溫德米爾湖
I personally recommend to walk to Orrest to see the overview of Windermere Lake
至於彼得兔的相關景點,就端看個人的喜好了!
About the sights relating to Peter Rabbit, well, it all depends to personal taste then!
#溫德米爾推薦值 5/10#
#Recommending points of Windermere 5/10#

Lakeside
圖片來源:自行攝影

Haverthwaite
圖片來源:自行攝影

前往Lakeside以及Haverthwaite的方式是先乘船在換搭蒸汽火車
The only way to reach Lakeside and Haverthwaite is taking the boat and change to the steam train
如果是熱愛享受中途風光的人,的確有一去的價值
If you do enjoy the beautiful natural view during the journey, it's worth to go
但是若想要下車後前往另外較有深度的景點的話,這兩處可就要叫人失望了
However, if you want to visit some other inspirtual spots, it's quite dissapointing
Lakeside,地如其名,就是小碼頭,禮品店外加一間豪華旅館,另外還有間水族館,但我懷疑會有人大老遠從國外飛來看熱帶魚類......
Lakeside, as its name, there are only a small dock, a gift shop and a luxurious hotel. Oh, there's an aquarium as well, but I doubt, who will come from another country to visit an aquarium here...
Haverthwaite對於熱愛蒸汽火車卡通Thomas的小孩以及對蒸汽火車有熱忱的鐵道迷來說,倒是個不錯的選擇,不過除此之外,沒有其他景點可去
Haverthwaite is suitable for kids who love steaming train Thomas and for the steaming trains' fans, otherwise there's no other place to go
不過這段行程,也是需要一天的時間,欲前往的人,必須要稍微考慮一下
This journey would take also one day, which should be considerated carefully
#Lakeside&Haverthwaite推薦值 5/10#
#Recommending points of Lakeside and Haverthwaite 5/10#

凱思維克-史前石柱群
圖片來源:自行攝影

Buttermere
圖片來源:自行攝影

湖區的北方據點,凱思維克,是前往英國人票選最漂亮的湖Buttermere的必要中繼站
Keswick locates in the north of Lake District, and it's the main entrance to Buttermere, which was selected as the most beautiful lake in England
但是鄰近卻藏有比遠近馳名的Salisbury史前石柱群更老的石柱群
but, there's also ancient Stonehenge nearby, which is even older than the one in Salisbury
雖然相對小很多,但是人卻可以更接近
Even though it's smaller, you can acutally get closer
不過前往的路途,是令老人家望之生畏的迢迢上坡路,老人家可得三思
But the route to get there is a long uphill, seniors would probably need to consider about that
Buttermere則不負眾望,的確有衛冕的資格,不過建議保留至少一至兩小時,走完環繞整片湖的健行路線,才能看到完整的美景
Buttermere truly has every right to be called the most beautiful lake; however it's suggested to reserve one to two hours to finish the wandering path around the lake to see the complete view
#凱思維克與Buttermere推薦值 7/10#
#Recommending points of Keswick and Buttermere 7/10#

待續

To be continued

慕尼黑聖誕市集巡禮（第四集）Tour of X'mas Market in Munich (Nr. 4)

今天就是慕尼黑聖誕市集開張的日子了！相信大家都迫不及待地想看到所有燈飾點亮漆黑夜空的樣子了吧？！
出發之前，不妨先來看看最後三座慕尼黑的聖誕市集吧！

Today's the day that X'mas market starts! I believe everyone is excited about to see all the decorations shine under the dark night, right?
Before we head to the markets, why not check the last three markets in Munich out?

10. Dachauer Christkindlmarkt
地點：Dachau (S2 Dachau Bahnhof)

圖片來源：自行攝影

位於慕尼黑郊區的Dachauer Christkindlmarkt，因為交通十分不便的關係，幾乎看不見觀光客。即便因為市集偏小，當地居民仍然會因為其最大的特色 - 一個巨型的聖誕月曆前來。人們只需要花一歐元就可以參加摸彩，每天晚上七點，聖誕月曆就會翻出那天的獎品，並且公佈得獎者。

圖片來源：自行攝影

Dachauer Christkindlmarkt's located in the suburb of Munich, because it's not easy to arrive, tourists barely come here to visit. Even thought it's quite small, local people still come here to check out the giant advent's calendar. Everyone just donates one Euro to participate the lottery, and every evening at 7 O'clock a new block of the advent calendar will be opened and they will announce the winner of the day.

圖片來源：自行攝影

來到達郝，除了試試手氣以及逃離市區人群之外，回程的路上掛滿吊飾的行道樹，更讓人有著特別不同的聖誕感受。

Coming to Dachau, besides of trying your luck and getting away from the crowds in the city, the decorated trees along the main street could also give you a special X'mas atmosphere.

推薦度(Recommendation)：＊＊＊＊










11. Bogenhauser Weihnachtzauberwald
地點：Arabellapark (U4 Arabellapark)

圖片來源：自行攝影

姑且不說交通便利性不高，這座聖誕市集的名稱取得太名過其實了......。
倘若幾顆光禿禿的樹木就可以被稱為魔法森林（Zauberwald），我想之前生活在森林裡的古日耳曼人會哭泣吧？！

First, just forget how inconvenient it is to get here, the name of the X'mas market is just  so exaggerated....
If only few trees without leaves could be called magical forest, I think the ancient German, who lived in forest, should definitely cry, right?!

圖片來源：自行攝影

雖然他們在燈飾上做了些功課，仍然無法遮掩四周水泥建築物的醜陋事實。
攤販數量以及造訪人數算是相當少。雖然寫到現在，言下之意就是極度不推薦人們來此一遊，不過我最好奇的是，他們明年究竟還辦不辦得成？

圖片來源：自行攝影

Even they did have done some works on the decoration, it still can't cover the ugly truth that it's surrounded by concrete buildings.
The number of stands and visitors is really rare. Although what I wrote so far is actually telling people not to go there, what makes me more curious is, if they are still going to be able to hold another market next year?

推薦度(Recommendation)：＊














12. Weihnachtsmarkt am Chinaturm
地點：Chinesischer Turm (Bus 54/154 Chinesischer Turm)

圖片來源：自行攝影

在慕尼黑英式花園的中國塔旁，竟然有著最給人聖誕氣氛的市集！該有的聖誕市集元素，一樣也沒少，再加上四周的自然景色，幾乎是無可挑剔了！尤其是在下雪的季節，讓人有種在深山中享受熱紅酒的錯覺！

圖片來源：自行攝影

Next to the china tower in the English garten, there's a most "christmas" X'mas markt in Munich! Everything you should have in a X'mas market, you can definitely get here, plus the natural view around, there's actually nothing to complain! Especially when it snows, it even makes you believe that you're enjoying your warm Glühwein in the forest!

這裡的攤販同樣也提供了各式各樣的商品與食物，從木製玩具到蠟燭台，從德式香腸到法式鬆餅。況且，公車站牌就在不到兩分鐘的步程內，還有什麼好猶豫的呢？

The stands here also offer multiple choices of foods, drinks and souvenirs. From candles and toys made from wood, from german sausages to french pancakes. After all, the bus stop is just two minutes away, what kind of reason should stop you visiting here?

圖片來源：自行攝影

推薦度(Recommendation)：＊＊＊＊＊

最後也不免俗地向大家推薦幾個購買聖誕節裝飾品的商家與平台：
Kaufhof （德國最大的百貨公司之一，網路上購物常有優惠喔！）

Karstadt （同上，德國百貨公司龍頭之一，網路購物的服務也算不錯。）

Käthe Wohlfahrt （源自巴伐利亞羅騰堡的著名聖誕裝飾品店，如今大家不用親自跑到羅騰堡，就可以在網路上購買到許多精緻美麗的裝飾品喔！）

eBay （沒錯！你沒看錯！eBay也在網路上特別開了一大區專賣聖誕節裝飾與禮品！）

Amanzon （網購龍頭之一的亞馬遜，自然也不落人後囉！時不時還能撿到便宜呢！）

In the end, I would also like to suggest some great platforms to purchase your own christmas decorations! You can easily click the links above and take a look! Sometimes you can even find some sales actions! GOOD LUCK!

慕尼黑聖誕市集巡禮（第三集）Tour of X'mas Market in Munich (Nr. 3)

7. Christkindlmarkt am Sendlinger Tor
地點：Sendlinger Tor（U1/2/3/6 Sendlinger Tor）

圖片來源：自行攝影

圖片來源：自行攝影

圖片來源：自行攝影

位於慕尼黑老城門之一，此聖誕市集也稱得上是麻雀雖小、五臟俱全。靠著交通便利性，以及在古城門下喝著熱紅酒的浪漫想法吸引著許多人前來。唯一美中不足的地方就是場地不大，導致攤販不多，也因此選擇性相對下降。


This market's located next to one of the oldest city gates of Munich. It's small, but still, it gets all you need. Because it's easy to arrive, many people come here to feel some romantic moments with Glühwein unter the ancient city wall. The only thing can be complained is that the number of stands is less than the others.

推薦度(Recommendation)：＊＊＊






8. Pink Christmas
地點：Sendlinger Tor （U1/2/3/6 Sendlinger Tor）

圖片來源：自行攝影

圖片來源：自行攝影

光是名稱就特別與眾不同的Pink Christmas是特別提供給同志朋友的另一種聖誕市集選擇。其位於同志酒吧聚集區域，並且從名字上就可以猜出，其燈光擺飾自然少不了粉色系列。攤販所販賣的食物與其他市集並沒有太大差別。亮點方面除了多了一般聖誕市集不會有的情趣用品聖誕版外，還有中央舞台的定時表演。

Just its name already makes wonder and get curious. Pink Christmas is a X'mas market specially designed for LGBT friends. It locates next to the LGBT area, and you can already tell from its name, the colors of decorations are definitely not lack of PINK! Foods and drinks aren't different from the others. The spotlights could be some sexual toys, which you are not able to see in the other markets, and live shows on the central stage.






這個聖誕市集相當小，但人氣不減，所以要有被推擠的心理準備。一個月下來的盈餘也會做為提供給LGBT機構或是愛滋協會作為慈善基金。想要轉換一下安詳寧靜的聖誕氛圍時，不妨來與可愛熱情的同志朋友們狂歡吧！

Even though it's small, it's still very popular. The income of this X'mas market will also partially donated to LGBT groups. If you wanna try some kind of different X'mas atmosphere, why don't you try to party with lovely LGBT friends here?

推薦度(Recommendation)：＊＊＊

9. Sendlinger Christkindlmarkt am Harras
地點：Harras (U6/S7 Harras)

圖片來源：自行攝影

圖片來源：自行攝影

位於Harras的這座聖誕市集，是個城區性的市集，所以也走迷你經營路線。小歸小，該有的還是有，像是聖誕熱紅酒和糖炸堅果。整體下來，沒有特別的亮點，所以也就被歸納為下班後路過喝一杯的存在了......。

This one is also a local X'mas market. What you need for a X'mas market, you can get here, such as Glühwein and Mandel. However, there's no special spotlight of this market, so it's kind of a place who you can pass through and get a quick drink after work...

圖片來源：自行攝影

若非真正對收集聖誕市集紅酒杯有愛的人，應該是不太值得特地跑一趟的。

Unless you're determined to collect all kinds Glühwein cups, it's not that worthy visiting.

推薦度(Recommendation)：＊＊

待續

To be continued

看了這幾篇介紹聖誕市集的文章，是不是已經開始期待那璀璨萬千的聖誕裝飾了呢？

自己在家裡，也可以裝飾得很溫馨可愛喔！

以下也提供給大家許多不一樣的選擇：

亞馬遜聖誕樹裝飾

德國知名聖誕裝飾品店 Käthe Wohlfahrt

在德國各大百貨公司的網路商店，也可以找到許多新奇玩意喔！

Kaufhof

Karstadt